Compare: Titanium Dioxide vs. Red 3 (Erythrosine)

Side-by-side regulatory data for each additive below, from the same FDA, EU, and state-legislation records as every ingredient page. The safety score is a transparent derived index computed from this regulatory data, not an official FDA/EU rating; this view compares facts from the source datasets, it is not a purchase recommendation for either additive.

Titanium Dioxide scores 1 point higher than Red 3 (Erythrosine) on the 1-5 safety scale (3 vs 10 states with regulatory action on each). A higher score reflects a cleaner regulatory and scientific record across FDA, EU, and state actions, not a lab-tested potency difference between the two additives.
Color/Whitener

Titanium Dioxide

2/5
FDA status
Approved
EU status
Banned
States with action
3 states
Common uses
Candy, frosting, chewing gum, coffee creamer
Health concerns
Banned in the EU since 2022. Concerns about nanoparticle absorption and genotoxicity.
Color Additive

Red 3 (Erythrosine)

1/5
FDA status
Banned
EU status
Approved
States with action
10 states
Common uses
Candy, frosting, cake mixes, maraschino cherries, popsicles
Health concerns
Linked to thyroid tumors in animal studies. The FDA banned it in January 2025 after decades of petitions.

Source: FDA Substances Added to Food (SAFFA) inventory and EU Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, plus U.S. state food-safety legislation. Data current as of May 2026. Comparison reflects facts from the source datasets only, not a PlainIngredients recommendation.